The tickle of curiosity. The gasp of discovery. Fingers running across the keyboard.

The tickle of curiosity. The gasp of discovery. Fingers running across the keyboard.

The World of Iniquus - Action Adventure Romance

Showing posts with label Crime. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Crime. Show all posts

Friday, January 31, 2014

LOCKED UP: An Interview with Kelly Banaski



English: A prison Cell. Suomi: Yksi Alcatrazin...
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Fiona - Good morning Kelly. The news said
            it was going to be -36F with wind in
            your part of the world.
            Are you a Popsicle this morning?

Kelly - It's actually 9F right now, and I'm
           pretty close to frozen, yes!

Fiona - Here, I poured you some hot
           cocoa. Won't you have a seat and
           introduce yourself to my readers and
           tell us about your work with
           prisoners?






Kelly - My Name is Kelly Banaski. I am an inmate liaison and
           prison reform activist. I help prisoners with long terms and
           death sentences cope with life in prison. I find them educational and religious outlets
          - classes, books, etc. I find them pen-pals, and I write to
           many  myself. I visit them and help their families with whatever I can.

Fiona - Is this a job that you stumbled into? Or did you go to school specifically to train for your
            interventions?

Kelly - I went to school for a degree in criminal justice. During the course of my studies and through early
            life experiences, I found I had a knack for being able to connect with inmates. I began working with
            various nonprofits that helped inmates but nothing really did what I wanted to do. So I decided to do
            it myself.

Fiona - Fabulous. Do you mind talking about your early life experiences?

Kelly - My step father was a notorious local criminal in and out of correctional facilities from the moment he
           came into my life at five-years-old. With crimes ranging from the uber-violent to exceedingly stupid
           we often found ourselves getting the hell outta dodge and as a result I found myself in a different
           school every year of my life until I was just about to start high school.

           My mother was a consummate narcissistic enabler, and I grew up with a certain feeling that the cops
           were out to get us. We were working class stiffs, my mom would explain. We couldn't make it on the
           regular wages others were scraping by on. No. Dear old Dad loved us way to much to settle for that.
           He was supporting his family in the way he knew best.

           As I grew up, my personality morphed and meshed and went into survival mode to find a way to
           make life manageable among the criminal element that was my family, friends and peers. I was
           constantly creeped-out by some of the men my dad would have around and kept a running fear that
           one of them, or someone, would hurt me. When I was in the third grade, a mentally handicapped
           neighbor man grabbed me off the street and threw me down in the yard, ripping at my clothes. I was
           able to escape with the aid of my little brother, but the fear and the uneasiness of life in general kept
           that fear alive in me for years and years.This ingrained fear has served only to draw me closer to the
           very element that scared me.

          Over the years, my youngest brother became a criminal of the highest ilk much like my step father. His
          crimes, however, were more of the bumbling variety and I would often step in to persuade probation
          officers, police, prosecutors, public defenders and even judges to give him one more chance.

          Eventually, I became a nonfiction writer and covered the crime beat in my home town. I became
          familiar with the cops and the criminals. I interview investigators and lawyers, victims and family, and
          the criminals.

          More often than not, I see the many ways the crimes could have been prevented, the victims spared,
          and the future a little brighter for everyone. There is always a trigger; a trigger set in place by forces
          other than that person.

          I hope my actions to understand and humanize our nations inmates, moves us a step forward in
          reducing recidivism. I want the United States to be more excepting and welcoming of prisoners
          who are starting a new life.


US incarceration timeline
US incarceration timeline (Photo credit: Wikipedia)


Fiona - Thank you. Here at ThrillWriting the aim is to write it right. Can you tell us some of the realities about
             prison life that are perhaps not understood by those who have not been inside of a prison?

Kelly -  Regimen is God. Life long inmates depend on the regime of everyday life to survive. If someone is
             used to receiving mail from someone every week, and they don't receive it, that can set off a chain
             of events that can turn violent depending on the inmate. Any little disturbance in routine is major
             major deal.

             Also, in my experiences with women prisoners, I can tell you that women on death row become a
             different breed of human all together.

Fiona - How so?

Kelly - In outside life, women can be clique-ish in certain circles. In prison it is THE way of life.
           You must have a circle to keep breathing but what happens inside those circles is even scarier.
           Women are way more devious than men

Fiona - Can you give me some examples?

Kelly - I wrote to a woman on Pa. death row. A reporter contacted me for info, and I told this prisoner
            about it.This woman was convicted of killing her boyfriend's new girlfriend. In one of her letters she
            asked me about what I had read about her on the internet. I printed the article and sent it to her.

           The next week, I received hate mail that threatened my life from every girl on the row in Pa.
           You see, the article also listed the other girls on the row and their charges. They were all pissed that
           I'd let out their secrets. It didn't seem to matter to them that it was public for everyone to read.
           They didn't want each other to know.

Fiona - How did you feel when you received those letters - Did you take them seriously?

Kelly - After a few weeks of threats, I received letters from the same girls secretly asking for help, and also  
           asking me not to tell the others.

Fiona - Interesting.

Kelly - If one found out I had written the other or sent her a book or put money on her records, I would get
           the threats again. Eventually, I stopped writing that prison at all. The most trouble came from a
           woman  named Michelle; Michelle starved her daughter to death, kept her chained to a chair in the
           kitchen.

           She asked also for the most help. We wrote off and on for several years. She
           denied any culpability in her daughters death, saying she [the daughter]was always sick. One day
           Michelle would be angry and the next apologetic. It was tiresome. The threats became too much.
           I never took them seriously, but they were scary nonetheless.

Fiona - What kinds of help are they looking for?


English: Inmates Lisa Bode (left) and Cynthia ...
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Kelly - Mostly they want to talk about their cases and
            their lives. They look for books,
            correspondence courses, religious materials,
            pen-pals, craft supplies, money...

Fiona - What kinds of craft supplies are they allowed
             to have?

Kelly - Craft supplies depends on the prison.

Fiona - Most of my craft supplies would make
            excellent weapons.

Kelly -That is true. That's why it depends on the
          prison. Some have great classes that the
          women have to
           prove themselves nonthreatening to be in.

Fiona - How are you funded?

Kelly - Out of my pocket mostly. My blog gets a few donations a year, and I stretch that as far as it will go.
            I've considered something like gofundme.com to raise money to become a nonprofit. I'm just not
           sure enough people would support this cause.  I'm also working on a true crime book that I hope will
           aid me financially in this.

           This is a  LINK to Kelly's page and blog, if you would like to help out, become involved, advertise
           on her site

Fiona - Going back to Michelle's behavior, are most of the women you correspond with like that?
             Highs and lows and threats?

Kelly - No. Some are very normal, average women. That's the kicker. I will forget these women have
           committed these crimes because we talk about kids and movies and cross-stitch patterns, men, and
            food.

Fiona - Tell me about some of the coping mechanisms the women develop on death row.

Kelly - Women on death row are alone most of the time. They cope by keeping their cells in immaculate
            conditions, staying in touch with family and writing letters. Many will attach themselves to a particular
            television show and obsess on it. Religion of course always always comes into play. Not always
            Christianity, but some type of spirituality emerges.

           Women with life sentences are different. They are in general population often, and they cope by
           forming families and working as one.They designate mothers and fathers, children, cousins, and
           sisters - the whole shebang.

          Death row women socialize with each other. Pass notes to each other and even have outsiders mail
          messages to each other.

Fiona - Just to clarify, death row women and life sentence women are treated differently by the prisons. Can
            you explain the differences?

Kelly - Death row women are kept in solitary in most prisons (not all). If not they are kept in a separate area
            and still pretty isolated.
         
            Life sentence and long term gals are usually kept in general population unless they are violent and
           deemed a threat to the rest of the population.

Fiona- So that death sentence versus life sentence is a REALLY huge deal not just for longevity's sake but
           for life style sake

Kelly - Oh yes! Even a life sentence is different than say 99 years with possibility of parole in terms of living
            style. That with/without possibility of parole is a biggie.

Fiona - Please explain

Kelly - If you have a huge gigantic sentence that is longer than you could possibly live, it doesn't matter
           if you get a chance for parole or not, right? Wrong. If you have a chance for parole after 15 years,
           and you behave, you have a shot at it - you could be a free woman. This happens sometimes with
            the black widows. Black Widows have killed their husbands or had someone else do it.
           They get sentenced to death or LWOP (life without parole) or parole after 20 years.

           Then the appeals come along and it turns out she was abused etc. In 2008 (I think) a woman was
            taken off death row right here in Tennessee after 40 years.

Fiona -So she was in confinement for 40 years and then let into the general prison population? You would
           think that  mentally she would have snapped.

Kelly - Her sentence was commuted. She went free. I have watched many women lose their minds. It's a
           sad thing. A gal with a chance at parole will be housed in a lesser security prison with more programs

Fiona - Programs might include...

Kelly - Sewing, painting, gardening...some prisons have animal training programs and quilt making classes,
           GED and college classes. They can also hold jobs and make money in the kitchen and laundry etc.

            Death row women, violent offenders, lifers without parole - they get none of those opportunities

Fiona - So Writers, if you are writing your heroine into a court case, she better hope for sentencing that
            includes the possibility of parole. With that, our time is up. A huge thank you to Kelly for sharing her
            information, and to you for stopping by.

Thank you so much for stopping by. And thank you for your support. When you buy my books, you make it possible for me to continue to bring you helpful articles and keep ThrillWriting free and accessible to all.


Wednesday, December 18, 2013

Forensic Hypnosis: Information for Writers


____________________________________________


Today, let's talk about hypnosis. I find it a fascinating subject both from a clinical (medical and mental health) point of view and also as a forensic tool.

In this article I will take a brief look at forensic hypnosis, and then I will introduce you to my friend Gus Philpott, a long time hypnotherapist who will share information about the process.

Video Quick Study (1:31) What is hypnosis?


Recently, I have read two novels that included hypnotherapy in two different but interesting ways in their plots. The Blue Monster was written by Mike Roche. Click LINK to go to his Thrillwriting interview.













* The Supreme Court ruled that limited use of information gathered under hypnosis is permitted.

A police interviewer/interrogator who uses hypnosis is a forensic hypnotist also called an investigative hypnotist. They must follow certain guidelines in order for the information to be used in courts.

* A detective who is involved in the case or has prior information cannot be the hypnotist. The fear being that
   false memories are being planted. See Blog Article on the fragility of human memory and
   eye-witness, and you will immediately grasp how a hypnotist's involvement would make for some devious
   PLOT TWISTS. 
* Only witnesses and victims may be hypnotized.
* Suspects may not be interrogated under hypnosis. However, if a suspect wishes to be hypnotized as part
   of her defense, she can use the information gleaned in the hypnosis session to help exonerate her. This
   information is permitted in court. 
* Sessions must be recorded.
* A person can only be hypnotized one time.
* Hypnosis is used as a last resort.
* They must guard against re-traumatizing the victim or witness. 

DANGERS
* As mentioned above - false information can be ingrained in the memory during hypnosis.
* Individuals maintain their ability to lie.

Video Quick Study (2:52) - Officer talks about his new certification as a forensic hypnotist.
Video Quick Study (13:33) - Tom Silver forensic hypnosis expert
Video Quick Study (29:19 but skip right to the 16:00 mark the beginning is a weird puppet show)
                               Don Glass talks about doing forensic hypnosis.
Video Quick Study  (5:26) Excellent discussion of hypnosis and if you can use hypnosis to commit a crime. 


Image from Pinterest


And  now for the interview - 



Fiona - Let me introduce you to my long time friend, 
            Gus Philpott. Gus and I have known each other for
            almost twenty years now. He used to hypnotize me
            on a regular basis when I was in grad school. 

            Howdy Gus, can you tell my readers a little bit
            about your background with hypnotism?

Gus - Certainly. I studied regression hypnotherapy with the
         late Dr. Hickman, whom I first met in 1988.
         Of course, she wasn't  "the late... "  then. I use a
         non-directive method which employs asking a lot of
         questions, not giving a lot of directions.

Fiona - What qualifies someone to do generalized

         hypnotherapy? Are you required to have certification
         like a forensic hypnotist?

Gus -   There are certification courses, but they are not

         required for general practice; only if the hypnotist
         wants to be recognized within a professional 
         association. Qualifications include liking people, wanting
         to help, being a good listener.

Fiona - You have a law enforcement background...

Gus -   Yes, I was a police officer in a small Iowa college town and a deputy sheriff in Colorado for more

            than 7 years. That was before I studied hypnotherapy.

Fiona - Have you ever used hypnotherapy to help with a crime?

Gus -   I am familiar with how it can be used, but my contacts with law enforcement agencies have not

            provided opportunities to do so. One of the most popular cases involving use of hypnosis was in 
           California when a school bus full of children was taken over. The driver later recalled the license plate
           of a car used by the criminals.
           Link to the news story

Fiona - 
And now Gus is out with a new non-fiction about his experiences with hypnosis called
            The Healing Power of Hypnotherapy.


Amazon Link

Gus - Most of my book is a collection of stories about sessions I've done over the 20 years since
           Dr. Hickman taught me.

Fiona - Gus, can you start at the very beginning and walk us through a hypnosis session from the

          practitioners point of view?

Gus - Sure. Since I'm not a doctor, I refer to the hypnotized person as my "client". The first step is to explain

         what hypnosis is and to answer questions. Then I explain the induction; i.e., the method of helping the
         client relax.

Fiona - Let's step back, could you tell me exactly what hypnosis is, please.

Gus - I define hypnosis as a state of relaxation. It's better if you don't "try" to get hypnotized. Just "get"

             hypnotized; i.e., relaxed.


image trolled from Pinterest

Fiona  - Okay, good. I'm feeling very relaxed.

Gus - Hypnotism is a peaceful, relaxed state in which you just
             put aside thoughts, cares, worries, anxiety, concern,
            questions - to the extent possible.
            If I were working with a victim of a crime, I would
            explain that we'll work our way backwards from today
            to the time of the crime. Quite often, emotions,
            sometimes high emotions, are involved.

            I explain that it will likely feel like the crime is happening
            all over again. It will be brief, and it's important for them
            to know that it is not REALLY happening again. They
            will just re-experience it.

Fiona - Do you feel like this re-victimizes the client?



Gus - No, I don't feel that, and I tell them that, if they become 
          emotional or afraid, I'll just touch their hand
          with my hand, so that they realize their body is still right here (office, home, wherever we are) and that
          what is happening is not happening to them right now. One of the first keys is to release the emotional
          attachment to what happened.

          Then they can recall greater detail by going through the experience (under hypnosis) 2-3-4-5 times
          (quickly), recalling more and more detail of the type to help solve the crime. Releasing the emotions
          helps to free them from the trauma of the crime.

          Thinking about the use of hypnosis in criminal work, the hypnotized person will recall details
          not consciously remembered.

Fiona - Okay, as the practitioner - how do you get them into a relaxed state, and then what do you do with
            them?

Gus - I don't use any "tricks" to hypnotize people - no music, no spinning wheels, no blinking lights or
             candles. I talk to the client in a normal voice, guiding her or him into a state of relaxation with words.
             I say, "Starting at the top of the head, allow all the nerves and muscles to relax and just let go."
             Then, I work my way with words down through the face, neck, shoulders, arms, hands, torso, hips,
             legs, knees, feet.

Fiona - Uh oh - I'm feeling sleepy.
found image on Pinterest

Gus - I know, I know. You will NOT be hypnotized at these words....

Fiona - Thanks - I'll just look away from the screen. (old habits...)

Gus -  Yes, I know about those old habits...
            There are 2-3 susceptibility tests to use, so the client can experience his own degree of relaxation:
            heavy eyelids, heavy hands, rigid arm. People often say, "But I really could NOT open my eyes."
            They could have, but they didn't want to.

            Once they are relaxed, then we head into the actually meat of the session.

Fiona - Good let's talk about the meat. You move the client through the experience. How long does the meat
             usually take?

Gus - So the meat of the session is the ordeal or the traumatic event. Sometimes, the client will just go
            directly there. I recall one session where a hard-to-hypnotize person (so I thought) became
            completely relaxed when I counted to 5. The "meat" might only be 15-20 minutes, because the focus
            is on the important part. As we return to the critical part to go through it again, I guide the client so
            they are re-experiencing an increasingly narrow field of the event; only the most important part.

           For example, if the getaway car is pulling away, the client might recall in great detail the back of the
           car: shape of taillights, any burned-out bulbs, license plate details, dents, rust.

Fiona - Yes!

Gus - Perhaps one time through, s/he remembers only one number. Then, the next time, 2-3 numbers.
             Or the 3 might be an 8. Or, I DID hear a name. One of them called the other "Rusty".

Fiona - That's awesome - so now you've wrung every last detail out of the client and you're ready to bring
             them up - how does that work?

Gus - When a person is relaxed and "not" trying hard, it's amazing what he can remember. If a traumatic
             event was involved, the key is to help them release the emotion attached to it. And to suggest that
             the space that had been occupied by that emotion is filled by a sense of deep peacefulness.

             When it's time for them to return to a full state of alertness, I do that by telling them that I'll count
              from 21 to 1 by alternate numbers, and when they hear "1", they'll be wide-awake, refreshed, alert,
              happy, energized and feeling absolutely great.

              Occasionally, a person will need or want a "second" wake-up. The word I hear most after a
              session ends is "Wow".

Fiona - And you have been hypnotized...

Gus -   Yes, many times.

Fiona - I'm interested because I want to understand the response of the person who has been involved in a
           crime and is now under hypnosis what might they be experiencing?

Gus - If they are willing, they can be guided back to the time of the crime, and then just before it. As they

            re-experience it, they will "see" more and be able to provide more detail, in terms of descriptions,
            names, affects of speech, description of clothing. By going through the experience several times
            (in one session), more detail will be uncovered.

Fiona  - What about physiologically - are they experiencing the same reactions (such as adrenaline spikes)?

Gus - Very often. I recall one client who had a full-blown panic attack. Shortness of breath, etc. - the kind

             that her mother would have rushed her to the hospital for in the past.

Fiona - And what is your response when that happens (as the hypnotist).

Gus - I verbally backed her away from what she was experiencing as the cause of the panic attack, and then

            we went back through it 2-3 times. She was totally fine and without symptoms in less than 5 minutes,
Found on Pinterest
            and her panic attacks did not recur.

Fiona - Awesomeness!

Gus - It is paramount that I stay calm. It would not
          be good for me to panic, too. It's important for
          the hypnotherapist to be confident, without
          being cocky.

Fiona -  From the client's point of view - They are

            sitting in front of a hypnotist, what might you
            be experiencing from beginning to end?
            What does "being under" feel like?

Gus - It's really very simple. 
Initially a client might 
          feel nervous or express an unknowing;  
          that's fine. That's just a normal, natural feeling.
          If you (don't do it right now) just close your 
          eyes and tune in to what
          is around you. hear the furnace or the AC, the telephone ring, the door open or close, the kids' 
          voices (if you're home), a motorcycle going by. It's like that. You are aware of everything, but it
          just doesn't matter. I say, "If there is any sound or cause of danger, you'll be instantly wide awake."

Fiona - That's a good safety mechanism - I remember you telling me that if my children needed me I would

              be instantly available for them.

Gus - 
Yes, if a client thinks there might be an interruption, then we plan for it. I tell her or him that he'll be able
              to wake up fully and quickly, take care of what needs to be handled, and then easily and quickly
              return to the state of relaxation - called Hypnosis.

Fiona - I was never interrupted - so I never experienced this - did it ever happen for your other clients?

Gus - Fairly often. Sometimes the phone rings and they "know" they need to take the call. Or someone is at

             the door. Most of my sessions are done at the client's home or office.

             I remember one that I was doing on an outdoor screened balcony overlooking a street. 

             The woman said, while hypnotized, "Don't kill me." I expected the cops, but they never came.

Fiona - Bahahaha! That would have been fun to be a fly on the wall for that police intervention!

Gus - For sure... Even now, I can picture myself opening the front door and saying, "Come on in, Officer."

           
Fiona - So have you come across people writing about hypnotism who have made mistakes?

            What would you tell my writing friends about writing it right?

Gus - One of the best ways to learn what hypnosis is all about is to be hypnotized. From time to time I run

            across a hypnotist or hypnotherapist who thinks being hypnotized himself is not necessary to doing
            good work. I think that's wrong.

Fiona - Yes, agreed. Experiencing things makes a world of difference. It's usually not at all how you had 

             imagined it.

Gus - It's like riding a bicycle. You can write about riding a bicycle, but you still won't know the balance
             required or the actual feeling. So find someone to hypnotize you. Do a trade or something, to keep
             the cost down. Oh, and don't get hypnotized by someone "by the hour"; that could be a very long
             session.

Fiona - So if someone wanted to have this experience how could they find a professional to work with them
?

Gus - 
The best way is to find someone by a referral. You might be lucky if you use the yellow pages;
           I wouldn't. Always ask the price. Sometimes I do phone hypnosis or use Skype. I've even made
           tapes for clients and mailed them. Oops, dating myself. Now I can just email a file.

Fiona - How could someone set up a remote session with you?
            P.S. After surgery when I was in excruciating pain, Gus hypnotized me over the phone, and I was
            meds free within the hour. The doctors couldn't believe the change.


Gus - E-mail or Skype. Just contact me. I do my work on a "donation" basis; i.e., I ask the person to pay
            what is the right amount for them, based on the value they received and their own means. One family
            paid me with a carrot cake. Ummm, it was so good.

            gus@gusphilpott.com

        My Skype UserID is gus.philpott


Fiona - Very cool! Okay - I am well past my allotted time - I have one last question which is a standard here
             at ThrillWriting. Please, tell us about your favorite scar.
from Pinterest


Gus -    My favorite scar is the one I 
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Thursday, December 12, 2013

Forensic Entomology: Something's Bugging Me About the Murder Scene

__________________________




Description: Calliphora vicina. Blow-flies (al...
. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
WARNING: The photos and videos contained in this blog may be considered graphic in nature. Please 
consider your tolerance before viewing.



Your character arrives at the crime scene ready to put her full professionalism into play and solve the crime.
Uh oh! They've found a body. Your heroine calls in the coroner  because it's required by law. But very quickly, your heroine realizes from the state of the remains that the body has been decomposing for over 72 hours. So she makes two more calls:
Blow-flies
Blow-flies (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
* the forensic anthropologist to process the remains.
* A forensic entomologist to process the bugs.

- Blog Link to Crime Scene 101
Blog Link Coroner/Death
   Investigator
Blog Link Algor, Livor, and
   Rigor Mortis
Blog Link Forensic
   Anthropologist

* In the first 72 hours there are more precise ways to
   determine time of death than by using insect evidence.
* After 72 hours insect evidence is the most accurate
   and possibly the only way to determine time of death.


A forensic entomologist - deals with any bugs that would show up in the court of law. 

Video Quick Study (2:42) a forensic entomologist talks about his job.


Sometimes, because of access, distance, or budgets, getting a forensic entomologist to the crime scene is not possible. A CSI can gather the evidence.

A Typical Crime Scene Kit
A Typical Crime Scene Kit (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Video Quick Study (1:36)  Review of a field forensic entomology kit.
* Different species should be kept separate
* Insects collected from different body parts should be kept
   separate.
* Maggot clusters should be documented, photographed, and
   temperatures obtained.
* The specimens should be labelled with:
   - date and time
   - name of the collector
   - stage of insect development at time of the collection
* When the bugs are collected your character will want to have 2
    vials:

- Sample One - contains alcohol (the bugs die) this shows:
   1. what stage of development the bugs were in when they were
       collected
   2. helps the emtomologist to define the approximate time of death
   3. can be used  in court as evidence.

- Sample Two - keeps the specimens alive. Add a dampened paper
   towel and cover with dry paper towel held on with a rubber band.
   This allows the entomologist to incubate the insects in their lab 
   and determine a  more specific time line.
  

Other data that will help a forensic entomologist make sound scientific inferences in the laboratory include:

* Habitat: ex desert, vegetative, meadow, woods
Ruler in use at a mock crime scene
Ruler in use at a mock crime scene (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
* Soil samples
* Weather at the time of collection 
    including: shady? sunny? 
    raining? temperature?
* Vegetation in the area
* Death site including elevation
   and map coordinates
* The state of the remains
* Were the remains buried? How
   deeply?
* What clothes or wrapping
    surround the remains?
* Anything else that the CSI thinks
   might help inform the process.

Photography is VERY helpful

Video LONG Study (15:11) Prt 1, Canadian entomologist discussing crime.
Video LONG Study (6:42) Prt 2


Okay, let's get to the bugs themselves

English: Describing the relationships between ...
English: Describing the relationships between carrion insect trophic specializations and decomposing remains, adapted and simplified from K.G.V. Smith, A Manual of Forensic Entomology, 1986 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Some terms: 
* Nacrophagous Species - feed on dead things.
* Omniverous Species - will eat most anything
* Predators - come to eat the necrophagous and omnivorous
   species of insects
* Parasites - are brought in by the other insects
* Adventive species - can be particularly informative. If the
   entomologist finds sub-types of species whose habitats are in a 
   different geographical location, they can determine that the body
   had been moved.
    Video Quick Study (1:49) Entomologist looks at the air filter on       a car to determine if the suspect drove  across the United States 
    to commit a murder.


The first on the scene is the blow fly.


English: Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis fles...
English: Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis flesh-fly mating.  (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

* Blow flies can smell death and
   can be there in mere moments.
* They lay their eggs immediately
   in openings. This can
   mean: mouth, eyes, nose, ears, 
   anus and vagina, and
   importantly, wounds. 

Now why is that important? If the remains have decayed past the point of recognition, finding the maggot mounds can help identify where that person might have been injured.

Why might this be bad? - When the eggs hatch and the larvae
starts to eat they are:
* destroying the facial features of the deceased, making
   identification more difficult
* can damage the wound margins making forensic wound study
   difficult.

Quick review of your Biology 101 class - here are the stages of blow fly life:
1. egg is laid - NOTE: flies
    are only active during
    daylight. If the person dies
   at night, the first eggs
   won't be laid until
    morning.

Video Quick Study (2:11) fly laying eggs on deceased bird.

2. maggots come out and start to consume the corpse
3. larvae grows and eats
4. The larvae are full and stop eating. They migrate away from the
    body to pupate (hard cocoon-like stage while their DNA
    rearranges them into a fly). They like to do this in cool
    conditions. They will crawl under rugs, into the clothing
    especially seams, pockets, and cuffs, or if this isn't available -
    earth.
5. Pupae - because they change color can be aged to a matter of
    hours.
6. Emerging as a fly

* This whole cycle takes about 2 weeks depending on:
- Species 
- Weather (warmer temperatures creates more activity)
- Quality of the food
- Oxygen levels
- Day length/season

Video Quick Study (6:52) Close up video of blow fly life cycle.

Video Quick Study - Murder case in Hawaii where the body was wrapped in blankets.
.

* If a body is discovered in the first month postmortem interval, PMI, entomologists can be accurate to
   within a day.
* After first generation of blowflies has developed, the
   entomologist looks at the succession of insects. This is
   used when the corpse is dead for a month or more. The wave of
   insects overlaps.



Insect Arrival Comes in Waves

English: Blow flies (chrysomya megacephala) on...
English: Blow flies  (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

1. Flies - attracted by the
   decomposition odor arrive
    immediately. They like fresh
    bodies because of water
    content.






Oiceoptoma thoracicum (Silphidae)
Oiceoptoma thoracicum (Silphidae) (Photo credit: gbohne)
2. Carrion Beetles - Arrive in a few days
    during putrefaction stage
    body liquids are starting to expel from
    the corpse, lot's of odor
    more and more insect activity. (flies
    and wasps will also be
    there)






Closer view of a carpet beetle
Closer view of a carpet beetle
(Photo credit: Dendroica cerulea)
3. Carpet Beetles - come during the dry stage - skin is hardening
    an becoming leathery, some bone is starting to protrude out of
    decomposition. The carpet beetles come to eat the hair, skin
    and bone. Coffin flies, cockroaches and flies are there as well.

Video Quick Study (8:53) a forensic teacher takes you through the insect stages.
Video Quick Study (7:31) video of an animals decomposition, focusing on insect activity

Interestingly, bugs:
* can carry corpses dna
* can ingest drugs
Video Quick Study (2:45) Student's on site
Video Quick Study (6:38) Student forensic entomologists.

* Bugs can only tell the entomologist how long the body has been
   available to the bugs. So for example, if the body was in a deep
   freezer and then removed  and put in the woods, the timing would
   be based on when the body was available to the bugs.
* In much of Canada and northern United States, cold winter
   months mean entomologists cannot use insects to determine time
   of death.
* In the summer, a body can decompose down to bones in as little
   as two weeks.
* Decomposition in water - standard insects don't apply but other
   organisms do.





CRIME SCENE DO NOT CROSS / @CSI?cafe
CRIME SCENE DO NOT CROSS / @CSI?cafe (Photo credit: Wikipedia)



CASES


Collecting insects at a mock crime scene
 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
1. Video Quick Study (3:58) Prt 1
   Video Quick Study (3:32) Prt 2

2. Video Quick Study (1:42) Entomologist testifying
     in Casey Anthony Trial

3. Video Quick Study (1:49) Entomologist looks at
    the air filter on a car to determine if the suspect
    drove across the United States to commit a
    murder.




See how this article influenced my plot lines in my novella MINE and my novel CHAOS IS COME AGAIN.





Thank you so much for stopping by. And thank you for your support. When you buy my books, you make it possible for me to continue to bring you helpful articles and keep ThrillWriting free and accessible to all.